A standard eye examination by an ophthalmologist can confirm whether you have myopia and to what extent. This eye condition can easily be repaired by wearing glasses or contact lenses. Another option for the treatment of myopia is refractive surgery, as the most correct eye procedure can be made clear after a thorough examination by an eye doctor. You may be offered a Myopia Laser Correction or Intraocular Lens Implant to make you independent of wearing glasses or contact lenses.

What is Myopia (near-sightedness)?

Myopia is a condition that usually begins in childhood and lasts throughout a person’s life. Myopia (short-sightedness) is a common condition in people’s eyes where you can clearly see objects near you, but objects that are further away appear blurry. Depending on the degree of myopia, people with this ophthalmic condition may be able to see clearly at different visual distances nearby, but will always have difficulty seeing long-distance subjects without blurring.

Myopia can develop gradually or sometimes quite quickly, with vision often worsening during childhood and adolescence. Myopia tends to be transmitted to the family.

Symptoms of myopia (near-sightedness)

If you suffer from short-sightedness, symptoms may include:

  • Blurred vision when viewing distant objects
  • Need to bend your eyes or partially close your eyelids to see objects clearly in the distance
  • Headache caused by eye fatigue
  • Difficulty seeing while driving a vehicle, especially at night (night myopia)

Myopia is often found first during childhood or between early school years through teenage years. One child with myopia can:

  • Constantly bend his/her eyes
  • It is necessary to sit closer to the TV, movie screen or closer to the board in the schoolroom.
  • He does not seem to be aware of distant objects
  • Blinks excessively
  • Rubs his eyes often

When to see an ophthalmologist?

If your problem with clearly seeing objects that are far enough deep enough to prevent you from performing your daily tasks, then it is time to see an eye doctor. Your daily life does not have to be blurred or blurred. An eye doctor can determine the degree of myopia and advise you on the most correct options for correcting your vision.

Seek medical attention if you experience sudden flashes, lightning, cloudiness, or shadows that cover part of the field of view. These are warning signs of retinal detachment, which is a rare complication of myopia. Retinal detachment is a medical emergency, and timing is crucial.

Regular eye examinations

As it is not always easy and you can tell if you have problems with your vision, here are the recommended intervals for regular eye examinations. These intervals are recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology and are as follows:

Eye examinations in adults

If you are at high risk of certain eye diseases, such as glaucoma, it is important to undergo an eye examination every two to four years if you are under 40 years of age. Then record an appointment with an ophthalmologist every one to three years between the ages of 40 and 54. After age 55, a number of age-related changes in the eyes begin, so it is advisable to see an eye doctor every one to two years.

If you do not wear glasses or contact lenses, have no symptoms of eye problems, and are at lower risk of developing eye diseases such as glaucoma, make an appointment with an eye doctor at the following intervals:

  • Initial examination at the age of 40
  • Review every two to four years between the ages of 40 and 54
  • Every one to three years, ages 55 to 64
  • Beginning at the age of 65, every one to two years

If you wear glasses or contact lenses, you will probably need to see your eyes regularly. Ask your eye doctor how often these examinations should be scheduled. However, if you notice any problems with your vision, make an appointment with an eye doctor as soon as possible, even if you have recently undergone such an examination.

Blurred vision, for example, may mean that you need to change your prescription for glasses and change diopters, or it may be a sign of another problem.

Eye examinations for myopia in children and adolescents

Children should be examined for ophthalmic disease and have eye tests performed by an ophthalmologist at the following ages and intervals:

  • from 6 months to 2 years of age.
  • Between the ages of 3 and 4, most eye problems, if any, are detected.
  • it is mandatory to have an eye exam before the child goes to school.
  • during the school years, every one to two years, it is advisable for the child to visit an ophthalmologist

How do patients with myopia (near-sightedness) see?

In patients with -3.00D (“minus three diopters”) myopia, a correction may be necessary regardless of whether glasses or lenses are worn relatively permanently to provide greater clarity and comfort in long-distance vision.

In patients with -1.00D (“minus one diopter”) myopia, depending on age, this person may be able to live and see quite normally with such myopia, but will most likely benefit from the correction of specific tasks that require a very good vision from afar.

In patients with -5.00D (“minus five diopters”) myopia This person will usually require wearing glasses or contact lenses all the time and will be able to read at a very close distance without needing correction.

 

Myopia (near-sightedness) causes?

Myopia is usually obtained when the eye is too long or has a cornea that is curved too steeply. This causes the light rays that go into each eye to focus in front of the retina instead of the retina itself. It leads to blurry images and a blurry picture. The exact reason why some people have eyes longer than normal is unknown, but may be related to genetics or environmental conditions.

Normal vision

To focus the images properly, your eyes rely on two structures or so-called two main parts:

  • The cornea, the transparent anterior surface of the eye
  • Lens, a transparent structure in the eye that changes shape to help focus objects


In the normally developed eye, each of these focusing elements has a perfectly smooth curve like the surface of a rubber ball. The cornea and lens aim with this smooth curvature to break all incoming light sources in such a way that an accurate image focus is placed on the retina in the back of the eye.

Refractive anomalies – light refraction errors

If the cornea or lens is ovate with two inconsistent curves, the light rays are not broken properly, resulting in a refractive error of the light or a so-called refractive anomaly and making the image more blurry. Astigmatism is just such a refractive anomania or a refractive error. Instead of focusing precisely on the retina, light focuses in front of the retina, resulting in blurred appearance of distant objects.

 

Other refractive errors


In addition to myopia (myopia), other refractive errors include:

Farsightedness (farsightedness). This happens when the cornea is curved too little or the eye is shorter than normal. The effect is the opposite of myopia. When your eye is in a relaxed state, light never focuses on the retina on the inside of the eye, making nearby objects appear blurred.

Astigmatism. This happens when the cornea or lens is bent sharper in one direction than in the other. Unadjusted astigmatism blurs your vision and makes the pictures blurry and blurry.

Myopia Risk factors

Some risk factors may increase the likelihood of myopia such as:

Family History. Myopia tends to transmit to the family. If one of your parents is short-sighted, the risk of developing the disease increases. The risk is even higher if both parents are short-sighted.

Reading. People who read a lot may be at increased risk of myopia.

Environmental conditions. Some studies support the idea that lack of time spent outdoors can increase the chances of developing myopia.

Myopia Complications

Myopia can be associated with several complications, such as:

Reduced quality of life. Unadjusted myopia can affect your quality of life. You may not be able to complete a task as you wish. Limited vision can take away from the pleasure of day-to-day activities.

Tension in the eye. Unadjusted myopia can lead to eyebrows or eye strain in order to maintain focus. This can lead to eye fatigue and headache.

Security is compromised. Your own safety and that of others may be compromised if you have an uncorrected vision problem. This can be especially serious if you are driving a car or operating heavy machinery or equipment.

Other eye problems. Severe short-sightedness puts you at a slightly increased risk of retinal detachment, glaucoma and cataracts.

Myopia (near-sightedness) Diagnosis and myopia test

Myopia is diagnosed by an eye examination with an ophthalmologist. An in-depth eye examination includes a series of tests to check eye health and light refraction. Your eye doctor may use different apparatus, use bright light directly in your eyes and ask you to look through several lenses. Your doctor uses these tests to check different parts of your eyes and vision and to determine the correct diopters that provide clear vision with glasses or contact lenses.

Myopia treatment

The goal of myopia treatment is to improve the clarity of the vision and overall comfort of your vision. There are different types of treatment such as corrective lenses or refractive surgery.

There are different ways to correct myopia. Traditional forms of correction, glasses, and contact lenses are complemented by newer technologies that make myopia correction possible by laser surgery or so-called laser myopia correction.

All forms of correction have their advantages and disadvantages, which should be discussed with your ophthalmologist after carefully measuring the refractive errors caused by your myopia – myopia.

In children (apparently too young for surgical correction), the earlier the degree of myopia is measured, the greater the chance we have of limiting the development of further myopia and the need for stronger and stronger adjustments.

And what are the options in older patients with myopia – myopia?

At a later stage in life, myopia can sometimes actually be an advantage as this eye condition can allow an older person with presbyopia to read or perform other close tasks without the need for reading glasses.

For this reason, an older person who is planning a permanent and irreversible change in their vision through cataract surgery should consider possible results after surgery long before undergoing this procedure. An ophthalmic surgeon is aware of these changes and can offer you lenses that guarantee good vision both near and far, thus preserving the same lifestyle you previously led without the need for wearing glasses and contact lenses.